RESEARCH
Review maps immune resistance mechanisms in microsatellite-stable CRCA comprehensive review details how microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer, which accounts for approximately 85% of all CRC cases, exhibits limited responsiveness to immune checkpoint inhibitors through multiple mechanisms including low tumor mutational burden, WNT/β-catenin pathway activation, immunosuppressive cell accumulation, and metabolic alterations that impair immune cell function. (Front Oncol)